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Typologies

Typologies of CyberBULLYING (Willard, 2007)

This can happen in the following ways:

FLAMING - Online fights using electronic messages with angry and vulgar language.

HARASSMENT - Repeatedly sending nasty, mean, and insultino messages.

CYBERSTALKING - Repeated, intense harassment and denigration that includes threats or creates significant fear.

DENIGRATION - ‘Dissing’ someone online. Sending or posting gossip or rumors about a person to damage his or her reputation or friendships.

IMPERSONATION - Pretending to be someone else and sending or posting material to get that person in trouble or danger or damage that person’s reputation or friendships.

OUTING AND TRICKERY - Outing: Sharing someone’s secrets or embarrassing informations or images online. Trickery: Tricking someone into revealing secrets or embarrassing information, then sharing it online.

EXCLUSION - Intentionally and cruelly excluding someone from an online group.

 

 

 

CYBERTHREATS, (Willard, 2006)

Cyberthreats are general statements that make it sound like the writer is emotionally upset and may be taking into account the possibility of  harming him or herself or someone else.

PAY CLOSE ATTENTION Don’t underestimate CYBERthreats! In same cases it’s necessari to appeal to the Judicial Authority

CYBERTHREATS are divided in:

DIRECT THREATS: Effective threats of self harming which in some cases leads to suicide and threats of harming someone else.

DISTRESSING MATERIAL: Online material which gives evidence about the fact that the person is emotionally upset and may be considering harming him or herself, sometimes through suicide, or someone else.

Examples of CyberTHREATS

Jeff wrote in his blog: “I’m retarded [expleted] for ever believing that things would change. I’m starting to regret sticking around. It takes courage to turn the gun on your self, takes courage to faces death”

Celia met Andrew in a chatroom.

Andrew wrote: “bring a gun to school, ur on the front of every…i cant immagine going through life without killing a few people…people can be kissing my shotgun straight out of doom…if I don’t like the way u look at me, u die…i choose who lives and who dies”.

Greg has created an anonymous account for instant messaging (IM) and then sent a threatening message to her older sister, saying that the following day she would be killed at school.

These are all true stories!

Jeff  killed nine people and killed himself.

Celia reported her online conversation to her father, who contacted the police.

The police found that Andrew had many weapons, including an AK-47. He is now in prison.

Greg's sister told her parents, her parents told the school, and the school went into “lock down”. Greg was identified easily-and arrested for making a threat.

 

 

 

Not all the CYBERthreats are reliable! (Willard, 2007)

A threat that is communicated online could be :

a joke, parody or game;

a rumor that got starter and has grown and spread;

material posted by a young person who is trying out a fictitious threatening online chracter;the final salvos of a “flame war” that has gotten out of hand, but will unlikely result in any real violence ;

material posted by someone impersonating another someone else for the purpose of getting that person into trouble;

distressing material posted by a depressed or angry young person that could foretell a violent or suicidal intention, but does not represent an imminent threat.

 

 

Happy Slapping (Alexis Akwagyiram, BBC News, 2006)

Happy slapping is thought to h ave originated in 2004 as a craze in London.

A group of youngsters have fun slapping strangers and recording the scene with mobile phones. In addition to this the videos are posted on the Internet.

PAY CLOSE ATTENTION Happy Slapping is a crime! In same cases it's necessari to appeal to the Judicial Authority.

 

 

 

 

Cyberbashing (Parry Aftab, 2006, Philip Recchia, 2006)

In a video produced with cellphone cameras, a mob of pupils punches and kicks a freshman.

Then that images are posted on the Internet. Generally, aggressions happen for real but sometimes they are just fake performances.

PAY CLOSE ATTENTION Chiberbashing is a crime! In same cases it's necessari to appeal to the Judicial Authority.